Sehwang Federation

Sehwang Federation (셰황ᄋᆜᆫ방 (Western Sehwangnese), 시황ᄋᆜᆫ방 (Central Sehwangnese), 세휑옌방 (Eastern Sehwangnese), Ilauvigiliqanuilinganiq Sihwang (Kuk'uq), (Banglan), (Guingha), (Hami), (Yungt'e), Ngalpamudh Sehwang (Buingnyulaang)), commonly known as Sehwang(셰황 (Western Sehwangnese), 시황 (Central Sehwangnese), 세휑 (Eastern Sehwangnese), Sihwang (Kuk'uq), (Banglan), (Guingha), (Hami), (Yungt'e), Sehwang (Buingnyulaang), (Bussaian)). It consists of the northern coast of the mainland of Escana and its adjacent inland areas, as well as the Bussai Islands. The southern limits of the territory held by the Sehwang Federation are the borders with Nemauccia and Eulea. The total area of Sehwang is 3,283,874.8 square kilometers (1,267,911.1 square miles) and its estimated 1955 population is around 6 million people.

Etymology and terminology
Main Article: Name of Sehwang Federation

Sehwang, the national name of the Sehwang Federation, came from the efforts to build a unified economy of these countries as the national movement began in earnest in the early 19th century and gradually began to unite the autonomous communities of immigrants into one nation. At that time, even if people tried to unite migrants and natives to establish a single nation, there was nothing to put forward a symbol because they were not one nation. The immigrants were also divided into 3 ethnic groups, and the use of 'indigenous group' word also referred to 6 ethnic groups, etc. It was hung and used as a badge. Here, the name of the country/place called Sehwang was derived from Haixiao characters, which were commonly used by immigrants, with characters meaning bamboo and a character meaning insignia.

It has become known that this is Sehwang in the Sincheon language, and the country name itself is also called Sehwang. These, in turn, were similarly transliterated in the languages of the aborigines. So Sehwang is a value-neutral place name. For this reason, the meaning of Sehwangnese is changed and used in such a way that everyone identifies themselves as Sehwang people first and then identifies what kind of ethnicity they are.

History
Main Article: History of Sehwang Federation

Prehistory and ancient history
Main Article: Prehistory and ancient history in the Sehwang Federation Territories and Prehistory and ancient history in the Sehwangnese

The Sehwang territory was settled around 50,000 BT by the direct ancestors of the Aboriginal peoples who migrated from East Artopa to take advantage of the low sea level of the Ice Age. Based on their vast heterogeneity, they were divided into numerous tribes and continued their prehistoric life. Around 20,000 BT these ancient humans brought agriculture and trade from East Artopa and advanced into the Neolithic Age. Then, due to problems with crops, trade and farming were abandoned except for the tribes who lived in Sehwang territory. However, farming was also done on a small scale and did not deplete the fertility of the land. Afterwards, as bronze tools were used for 10,000 BT, it moved to the Bronze Age, and then to the Iron Age only in 500.

On the other hand, the Southern Sincheonese, the people of origin of the Sehwangnese, were born around BT 1500 as the indigenous peoples who lived in the southern part of the Sincheon Peninsula, now the eastern territory of Ke-Atsung, were assimilated to Sincheonese origins. These Sincheonese use the Haixiao script, influenced by the Hainese who belonged to the Prisnite Union since the time of the ancient dynasties. Then, after the fall of their ancient dynasty, the Sincheonese created their own script 'Secheonghuneum'(세청훈음, 世淸訓音), which would later be called the Sincheonese script, in 1000.

Sehwangnese Pre-Migration Medieval History
Main Article: Indigenous people tribal society period

The beginning of 'Huge Migration' from Southern region of Sincheon Peninsular Era
Main Article: Sehwangnese Huge Migration and Provision of primitive vaccination and treatment for migrant diseases to indigenous people

From the 4th century onwards, the Southern Sincheonese were known for speaking three of the most disparate dialects of Sincheonese, which paradoxically made them the most identity-protective of the Sincheonese groups, as the locality of where they lived was intertwined with a focus on righteousness. So even under the Kingdom of Kounugulung, the Southern Sincheonese maintained their identity and worked to regain their independence, even if a Sincheonese revival was impossible.

The disadvantages they faced were obvious, but they could not dampen their sense of nationhood and righteousness, sparking the "Rebellion of 1449." However, the Kingdom of Kounugulung's power was so great that it forced them to turn back. After "a few hesitations and dismissals," the tens of thousands of Southern Sincheonese who had gathered at the base to escape the threat of massacre decided to move south on September 22, 1449 (lunar calendar).

Accordingly, on October 8, 1449, these tens of thousands of people boarded the thousands of fishing boats they could find and turned their backs on their homeland. They then proceeded to fish their way south, arriving in what is now the territory of Serujji on February 17, 1450. They managed to survive for the most part with the help of water and food. However, the Southern Sincheonese decided that the climate was not suitable for them to settle here, and instead of trying to settle here, they decided to go further south.

From here, with the help of local people, they set out to find "extensive areas of fertile but uninhabited land" in the northern coastal regions of the Escana continental mainland. They were divided into three groups based on dialect and dispersed along the Gwangsun-Geumgyo axis/Gusan-Sangcheon axis/"the eastern coastal area centered on Jepo." Accordingly, from an island in the middle of the Rhoddic Sea, they set out on March 3, 1450 (lunar calendar), and within 22 days, three groups of Southern Sincheonese people landed in the area.

And they settle on the continent of Escana, dreaming of creating a nation free of monarchy and authority, and envisioning a system of self-rule based on a certain Tihism scholar's theory of "building leaders from below. In April 1450, they began farming, sowing the seeds of the crops they had painstakingly preserved and brought with them. As a result, in October 1450, they harvested an abundance of grain, which became the beginning of the Sehwang Great Migration.

Over the next 300 years, almost all of the southern Sincheonese people chose to migrate in protest of the Kingdom of Kounugulung's blatant trampling of their ethnicity. As a result, the assimilation of the remaining Sincheonese accelerated, and the Sincheonese population plummeted to a total of 130,000 to 560,000 as of 1950 (30,000 to 50,000 in Uihung, 100,000 to 500,000 on the Sincheon Peninsula, and a few thousand on some islands in Sihaine), and the Sehwangnese language was born.

Along the way, contact was made with the indigenous peoples, who had settled tens of thousands of years earlier and were immune to some of the "epidemics to which the Southern Sincheonese were immune"; however, the Southern Sincheonese recognized that they had come to the continent first, with a different background than theirs. They introduced 'primitive vaccinations', such as advanced sanitation techniques and primogeniture, which had traditionally prevented epidemics, and helped implement them among the indigenous peoples. As a result, the seven indigenous peoples succeeded in preserving more than 90% of their population. This would last for about 200 years, until the 17th century.

15th century to 1789
Main Article: and the Era of Small Autonomous Communities and Indigenous people Kingdoms

This is a really concisely definable era. As the Sehwangnese migration stabilized, the aboriginal population began to grow rapidly again. Eventually, the era of small provincial governments and small kingdoms began to unfold.

The Sehwangnese wanted to establish a state different from the kingdom system they had experienced prior to migration, and established municipalities in each village where leaders were equal and popularly elected from the bottom up. Their number at first was just a few dozen, but quickly grew as more towns were created through pioneering.

On the one hand, it was a time when far more surviving natives learned the art of running a state through trade from the Sehwangnese who had migrated and established their kingdoms. They established kingdoms in tribal units, and gradually consolidated them from several to 50 through wars between tribal kingdoms.

During this period, a great religious change took place in Sehwang. In 1549, a religious from Sylvia introduced Peteran's Theodaritic Bible, translated into classical writing, into Sehwang, who believed in Tihism and Egalitarian Shaantism as their traditional religions. The scholars who studied with this scriptures soon noticed that it was a religion, and he believed in himself, and opened the way for Theodarity Theology. Eventually, in 1569, 20 years later, Peteran Theodarity was spread throughout Sehwang, resulting in 10% of the population at that time. And the indigenous people who believed in traditional faith were rapidly spreading, and after the 1560s, the freedom of religion was recognized throughout Sehwang through the laws of local governments and the kingdoms.

In the case of the western Sehwangnese, in the Bussai Islands, they settled on "a few barren coastlines that the Kingdom of Bussai did not have" and created fishing villages. Through this, Bussaian transformed their national system into an absolute monarchy by inheriting advanced civilization while being immune to infectious diseases. They also established exchanges with the Sehwang mainland in the late 15th and early 16th centuries, when Western Sehwangnese settlers initiated exchanges with Gwangsun and its surroundings. Through this, a system of aboriginal-migrant coexistence was formed that shares the same history as mainland Sehwang.

1789 to 1855
Main Article: Sehwang National Movement

The 40 to 100 small kingdoms influenced by the Sehwangnese, located in the northern part of the political body of the Kuk'uq tribe, were unified into five nations by 1767. And at the same time, there were 2,000 to 7,000 local governments established by the three Sehwangnese peoples. In these countries, a national movement to establish a unified federal state in northern Escana began in 1789.

The reason was simple. After gaining independence in 1674, Nemauccia expanded its power, and many indigenous kingdoms in Sehwang's territory and the three Sehwangnese peoples were threatened with their identity. As a result, from the 1730s, the idea of establishing a federal state in the northern Escana region was devised centering on the three Sehwangnese peoples.

This movement for peaceful unification bore fruit in the 1810s, and the Sehwang Customs Union was established in 1813. Economic integration took place around them, and in the 1830s, the indigenous kingdoms that existed in the Sehwang territory also joined the customs union.

Eventually, there has been a claim to complete the unification in the form of a federal state by converting this customs union into a federal state since 1825. As a result, from the 1830s, the federal constitution was established in April 1855. Accordingly, the federal government was established through the first federal presidential election and the first federal parliamentary election based on the constitution established in September 1855, and the Sehwang national movement came to an end.

In this way, the Sehwang national movement continued for several decades from 1789 to 1855.

Federation Established
Main Article: Nation-building Declaration of Sehwang Federation and 1855 Constitution of Sehwang Federation

Belated industrial development
In Sehwang, conservative forces formed enormous forces until the 10th largest cities had the same status as industrialization progressed. So in 1875, the Nationalist Party brought the regime from the Democratic Centrist Party.

However, due to the rapidization of late industrialization, the population of the top 10 cities exceeded 5 to 300,000 in the mid -1880s. At the same time, conservative forces began to lose their strength, and the conservative forces, which had been held for 20 years from 1875, collapsed in 1895. Considering the late industrialization and the resulting results, conservative forces had to be responsible because they were forced to accept late industrialization.

Immediately after that, the conservative forces tried to troll to the liberal forces by strengthening the conditions of naturalization so that they could have a culture of treating without discrimination to those who accepted the culture of Sehwang. Nevertheless, since the 1890s, the people have been the most supported by the liberal forces. As a result, after rapid reforms until the 1900s, Sehwang became the most liberal state in Escana.

In the late 1920s, as the conversion surgery began to progress modernly, the unanimous legislation was born in Sehwang. It is a bill that supports the transformation of transgender people nationwide. As a result, people with sexuality-gender identity inconsistency (transgender) in Sehwang have more than five years of sexuality-gender identity inconsistency, and have more than 5 years of hormonal treatment and sex conversion surgery.

Along with that, there is a minority group that benefited from the reform along with transgender people in Sehwang at this time. that is handicapped people. In Sehwang's transportation facilities, disabled-friendly ramps, lifts, and even 'chinless entrances' have been applied to up/down platforms and bus terminals since the 1900s. Following these advances, elementary, middle and high school education support for the disabled was made, and a trend was born to support start-ups led by the disabled from the state or the private sector. And since 1919, this has led to discounts on public utility bills for families with disabilities, making it possible for people with disabilities to live without inconvenience.

Sehwang, which completed the first stage of industrialization in the 1920s, was followed by voluntary investments by companies in the heavy and chemical industry on a solid light industry. Since the 1910s, mass production of electronics, which has been in full swing due to the success of mass production of radio, has passed beyond home appliances to TV (just introduced in the 1920s). As a result, it has led to the growth of the new industry that develops the railroad industry beyond the start of TV broadcasting. The growth of the service industry and office industry has triggered the growth of the financial industry. As a result, Sehwang focused on exporting products and services worldwide in addition to peaceful trade with Escana's other countries. It was the cause of a huge economic downturn in the 1930s, from the beginning of the panic to Sehwang's declaration of neutrality in the Great War.

In the economic crisis, Sehwang tried to balance between economic freedom and appropriate national intervention. Instead of protecting economic freedom for that, we started to improve and build new infrastructure such as state railway. In addition, public projects, such as the state purchasing agricultural and marine products on a large scale and opening a public-private joint restaurant chain store, also began at this time. Sehwang, which declared neutral in the great war, was flooded with banks that kept the money of many refugees and rich people regardless of the camp. Companies and banks have been called money with their deposits and deposits with high interest. As the money and the national economy were simultaneously, neutrality gave Sehwang a chance to revive the economically.

Contemporary Sehwang
Based on this, Sehwang began to move forward into a country where the light industry, the heavy and chemical industry, the financial, service, and office businesses were highly developed after the war. Even the broadcasting business has grown explosive as the public monopoly is lifted. This gave Sehwang an economic prosperity over emerging economies. Based on this, Sehwang reiterates the logistics revolution through more technology development and will also begin to modernize the agriculture, forestry, fishing, and mining.

Geography
Main Article: Geography of Sehwang Federation

Principles for Place Name Transcription
Sehwang is a country created by migration of the inhabitants of the southern Sincheon Peninsula. However, the Southern Sincheonese, from which Sehwangnese originated, used the Sincheonese language as their official upper-level language. Because of that, the names of the settlers' cities or kingdoms were known by their names in the Sincheonese language. Even after the 17th century, exchanges with Sincheonese, which remained unassimilated, began in earnest. Because of this, it happened that the Sehwangnese language was learned by the Sincheonese, and the Sincheonese language was learned by the Sehwangnese. For that reason, at the time of the establishment of the Federation in 1855, the law stipulated that the international notation of place names should follow the names in the Sincheonese language. However, the law stipulates that place names in each official language used within domestic should be written in each official language.

Parliament
Sehwang granted the right to vote to all citizens over the age of 19 from the enactment of the Constitution in 1855. This was lowered to all citizens over the age of 16 in the raging wave of reform in the 1900s.

As a result, the parliament adopts a bicameral system, in which all members are directly elected. It consists of the House of Representatives proportional to the population, which elects 650 members by dividing proportional representation constituencies into 3 major cities and 4 regions, and the House of Councillors, which represents the entire country by electing 3 members from each province/metropolitan city.

The term of office is 5 years, the same as that of the president. The House of Councillors is also changed at the same time as the House of Representatives.

Federal entities and administrative divisions
As long as there was the establishment of the Sehwang Federation in the coexistence of migrants and natives, there was no colonial rule. As a result of this influence, the Sehwang Federation gave extensive autonomy as a federal entity to the administrative district called 'Province(道, 도)', the largest administrative district experienced by the migrants. As such, Sehwang Federation uses the provincial system rather than the state system. Since the 1940s, due to the rapid population growth in major cities, there has been a large demand for wide-area administration in cities that cannot be addressed by the provincial system. Eventually, in 1950, this problem was solved by implementing a metropolitan system by dividing major cities into metropolitan cities that 'exercise extensive autonomy only in the administrative districts of major cities'. Accordingly, the Sehwang Federation is composed of 74 provinces and 10 metropolitan cities.

Military
Main Article: Federal Armed Force of Sehwang Federation

Conglomerates
Sehwang's belated industrialization began with the country's support for manufacturing goods by processing them based on abundant resources. As a result, it was made positive for R&D and technology introduction, and went in the direction of simultaneously promoting domestic demand and exports. It went in the direction of shaping an economic structure centered around large corporations. As a result, Sehwang, with a population of around 6m, has become an advanced economy centered around 40 large business groups.

Resources
Sehwang Federation features a large variety of natural resources including:

14 Copper Deposits

5 Gold Deposits

2 Aluminium Deposits

4 Rare Metal Deposits

12 Iron Deposits

202,530km² of Farmland (3,225 Pixels)

11,052.8km² of Rubber Plantations (176 Pixels)

44,964.8km² of Cash Crop Farmland (716 Pixels)

242,408km² of Available Fishing Space (3,860 Pixels)(3 Fishing Zones)

Education
Sehwang Federation's school system consists of 3 years of kindergarten, 6 years of elementary school, 3 years of middle school, 3 years of high school, 4 years of undergraduate studies, 2 years of graduate school, and 2 years of graduate school doctorate. Due to the high educational zeal, more than 90% of Sehwang citizens send their children to elementary school, middle school, and high school, excluding kindergarten and university. From Kindergarten to High School, the language taught or taught may differ depending on the percentage of natives. In places with a high percentage of native people, the languages of each indigenous people are taught as the first language, Sehwangnese languages as the second to fourth languages, Sincheonese as the first language, and Silvonian as the second language, and classes are taught in these languages. In places with a high Sehwangnese ratio, Sehwangnese languages are taught as first to third languages, Sincheonese as a first language and Silvonian as a second language, and classes are taught in these languages. In universities, both undergraduate and graduate schools have courses for each language that differ only in the language taught within one department and do not have heterogeneity in the content to be learned.

Sehwang's students' class times are heterogeneous: kindergarten, elementary school, middle school, and high school.

Kindergarten arrives at 9:00 and classes start at 9:30. After that, there is a 30-minute class period followed by a 10-minute break, followed by classes up to the 4th period. Afterwards, have lunch for an hour, and finish the day at 1:00 PM. However, in consideration of working parents, a special course is open to provide child care services until 6:00 p.m.

Elementary and middle school students go to school by 8:40. In elementary school, classes start at 9:10 and take classes until 12:20, and for classes up to 4th period, there is a 40-minute class time, a 10-minute break, and a 1-hour lunch break from 12:20. students leave school at 1:30 with a precedent. The middle school class starts at 9:00 and ends at 17:00. For classes up to the 8th period, there is a 45-minute class period, a 10-minute break, and a 1-hour lunch break from 12:30. After 30 minutes precedent from 17:00, students go home or attend after-school classes until 19:00.

High school students arrive at school by 8:00, start classes at 8:20 and attend classes until 18:10. For classes up to 10 periods in between, there is a 45-minute class time, a 10-minute break, and a 1-hour lunch break from 12:45. From 18:10 to 20 minutes, we will hold a precedent and open the student cafeteria for 1 hour so that we can have dinner. After that, some students go home after doing self-study until 20:00.

In the case of universities, in principle, lectures opened by professors are 50-minute classes and 10-minute breaks. University lectures are usually held within 9 periods of daytime courses from 9:00 to 17:50 at intervals of 50 minutes, and evening courses from 18:00 to 22:50 at intervals of 50 minutes within 5 periods.

University
Sehwang's universities began with Public or Private Tihism School and schools founded by missionary Theodarity from West Artopa. That's why the prestigious universities are schools that were built between the 15th and 18th centuries. Universities funded and established by the egalitarian Shaantism sects are also evaluated as prestigious if they are located in the three major urban areas, but they were built in the mid-18th century to the early 19th century.

Radio
Unlike TV, radio is allocated two channels for each ethnicity in public broadcasting. This is due to the ease of securing frequency resources due to the fact that 131 channels between 531–1701kHz are open for medium-wave broadcasting, unlike the fact that TV broadcasting requires only 14 VHF channels. Due to its commercial nature, private broadcasting allows only 5 networks regardless of language to prevent side effects caused by excessive competition and frequent changes in licenses.

However, due to diffraction of medium-wave broadcasting, Sehwang's radio waves reach the territories of Nemauccia and Eulea, and in order to eradicate the aftermath of frequency resource disputes, FM broadcasting is being spurred on. For this reason, FM broadcasting capable of securing 100 channels between 88-108MHz has been operated since 1952, with the goal of commercialization in 1957 after the announcement of the band in 1950.

Radio History
Sehwang was one of the countries in the world that started radio broadcasting quickly. Due to the late industrialization, the small population of around 3 million at the time, and the low urbanization rate, those who doubted the effectiveness of radio lost their power day by day in the midst of rapid social reform.

In 1907, radio was first introduced to Sehwang, and in July 1909, Sehwang Federal Radio began test broadcasting with the organization. In February 1910, it was officially opened. Then, after the rapid increase in urbanization rate after the 1930s, radio was widely distributed, and in 1933, Sehwang Federal Radio, which previously broadcast with one channel using "two channels per language", entered the 18-channel system.

Later, in 1939, the first private broadcasting station was opened in Gwangsun, and after the war, private radio broadcasting was organized into 5 networks.

At the same time, Sehwang is the first country to introduce SFN. Using the diffraction of medium-wave broadcasting, efforts have been made to put it to practical use since the 1930s, and commercialization was achieved in 1948.

TV
Main Article: Television channel frequencies on Mytas

In the Sehwang Federation, there are currently two public broadcasting TV channels and five private broadcasting channels called '5th private broadcasting'. They use VHF to send out in the form of terrestrial broadcasting anywhere in the country (2,4,6,7,9,11,13 in Ten Major Metropolitan Areas, and 1,3,5,8,10,12,14 in Territory's except Ten Major Metropolitan Areas) It's possible. The UHF is discussed with the opening of permits, and the time of opening is in mind from 1959 to 1960.

The 5th Private Broadcasting has three companies as a major shareholder, and two were founded in a large Conglomerates. Public broadcasts are broadcasted for 14 hours a day (6 hours, evening-8 hours). Private broadcasts broadcast 12 hours a day (5 hours, evening-7 hours). The morning broadcast starts at 5 am and evening-night broadcast starts at 5 pm. At the Federal level, the regulation of broadcasting time was released in 1953, and it encourages the start of the daytime broadcast.

TV History
Beginning in 1927, TV trial broadcasts by Sehwang Federal Radio began in Gwangsun, Gusan, and Jepo. At this time, it was conducted for about 3 hours a day from 6:00 pm. Then, in 1933, TV transmission studios were set up in major cities and TV was officially opened. The cultural prosperity of the Federation, which had taken neutrality in the war, added demand for the start of the second broadcast. As a result, the second broadcast was opened in 1942, and the first and second broadcasts were transmitted on channels 2 and 4 (VHF Low-band) in each major city area. After the war, along with the transportation revolution such as the completion of railway improvement, the communication revolution was carried out, the networking of 1st and 2nd broadcasting took place, and the establishment of private broadcasting took place. As a result, from 1952 to 1955, five private broadcasting networks were established. As a result, all VHF TV channels were used.

National railway history
Main Article: Sehwang Federal Railway

Due to late industrialization, it was not until 1878 that the first railway from Gusan to Gwangsun via Jinyang and Geumgyo was opened. Afterwards, the railroad network connecting major cities across the country was opened by 1915, mainly in coastal areas. It was in the 1920s that it went deep inland and benefited from the railroad to the Jeonjin area as it is now. However, Sehwang's broad stance on railways has elevated them to the status of mainstream transportation. It was completely dieselized in the 1930s, but despite mile train transportation, the limit of transportation capacity was not overcome as a result of low turnover. Considering that electrification began in 1920 to secure the safety of railway transportation in the high mountain area, double-tracking and electrification of main lines were started in 1935 to increase the turnover rate and improve speed. As a result, all Sehwang's railways were electrified in 1946, and the trunk line secured a curve radius of more than 2000m and ran at more than 160km/h.

Private railway history
However, private railroads were conceived in the transportation of large cities where public railroads could not cover. As soon as the first railway was laid on Sehwang, the railroad operators waited for the formal railway permission by laying the railroad railway in each city. And since 1905, they have been upgraded to the regular rail network in the form of introducing electric railways. Through this, the history of private railroads of Sehwang's private railway begins in earnest. In the 1930s, instead of accepting the state intervention and freezing fare, they accepted other operators into two to five per city. Through this, the system of private railroads is completed.

Railroad status
Sehwang's rail density is on the high side of Escana. Late industrialization encouraged the federal government to build railroads after railroads were first laid in the 1870s. National arterial lines or local lines (rural railways) that require publicity are laid and operated through the Sehwang Federal Railway under the federal government. However, metropolitan and urban railways in eight metropolitan cities are operated by Gusan Metro, Gwangsun Metro, Jepo Metro, and private railway companies.

Roads
Roads are national roads unless they are local roads with 4 to 6 lanes or less, which are not included in metropolitan roads or national roads. The outer ring roads of the three major cities or downtown streets are composed of 8 to 12 lanes, and other arterial roads are 6 lanes. It consists of It is an environment where railroads can run at 160 km/h, and private railroads and urban railroads in each metropolitan city dominate the metropolitan area, so except for the quasi-public metropolitan line buses and truck transportation arriving in the metropolitan area, the prospects this is not bright.

Airlines
"Sehwang Airlines", the only flag carrier of Sehwang, flies to limited countries such as Sylvia, Ke-Atsung, Haixiao, Glasea, Filasya. According to the "Border Land Traffic Promotion Act" passed in 1925, air traffic cannot be operated from countries bordering by land.